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Abstract ---Chronic radiation syndrome is based upon victims who were exposed to radiation for at least 3 years and who had received at least 100 rem or more to the marrow. The report reconfirms the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommendation that the maximum value of the dose constraint to be used in the optimization of radiological protection for a single source should be less than l mSv in a year, and that a value of no more than about 0.3 mSv in a year would be appropriate. Chronic exposure of radiation, who developed chronic radiation sickness, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and inhibition of non-specific immunity factors, slight increase in nodule prevalence and thyroid antibody-positive subjects, increased frequency of chromosomal aberrations (both stable and unstable types) and CD3 ¡V CD4+ mutant T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. Studies show that radioactivity from nuclear plants is getting into the environment and human body, and there is now strong evidence that it is hurting the health of Americans. There is now substantial evidence that exposure to radioactive releases from nuclear reactors is a significant causal factor of increasing childhood cancer rates and of other adverse health effects.